Electrical

Electrical Subpanel Installation: Expanding Capacity

January 24, 2025
Electrical Team
7 min read
Electrical Subpanel Installation: Expanding Capacity

As your home's electrical needs grow, you might find that your main electrical panel is running out of space for new circuit breakers. A subpanel is essentially a smaller, secondary service panel that is fed from the main panel. It's a common and effective solution for adding circuit capacity for a specific area or project without replacing the entire main panel.

🤔 When Do You Need a Subpanel?

A subpanel is the ideal solution in several common scenarios.

For a Major Addition or Renovation: A new home addition or a large kitchen remodel will require multiple new circuits. A dedicated subpanel provides the necessary space.
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To Power a Detached Building: When running power to a detached garage, workshop, or shed, a subpanel provides a convenient local hub for circuits and a local means of disconnect.
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When Your Main Panel is Full: If you need to add a new circuit for a hot tub or EV charger but have no open slots in your main panel, a subpanel can provide the needed expansion.

🔧 How a Subpanel Works

The installation is a job for a licensed electrician, as it involves working inside the main panel.

1
A large, two-pole circuit breaker is installed in the main panel.
2
A thick cable (typically with four conductors) is run from this breaker to the location of the new subpanel.
3
The cable is connected to the main lugs inside the subpanel, providing it with power.
4
New individual circuit breakers for the new area can then be installed in the subpanel.

⚠️ Critical Safety and Code Requirements

Subpanel installation has very specific code requirements, particularly regarding grounding.

In a subpanel, the neutral and ground wires must be kept separate. The neutral bus bar must be isolated (floating), and a separate ground bus bar must be installed and bonded to the panel's metal enclosure. This is different from a main panel and is a critical safety rule to prevent creating dangerous parallel paths for electricity.

Other Key Rules:

  • The subpanel must be fed by a 4-wire cable (two hots, one neutral, one ground).
  • It must have enough capacity for the planned circuits.
  • The installation will require a permit and inspection.

Expanding your home's electrical system requires professional expertise. The Box Advantage Group provides safe and code-compliant subpanel installations to give you the extra circuit capacity you need for your growing home. Contact us to discuss your expansion project.

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